esprit, n.
1. (pensée) fer(h)þloca/fierhþloca/fyrhþloca (m. an) ♦ fer(h)þsefa/fyrhþsefa/firhþsefa (m. an) ♦ geþanc/geþonc/geþang (m. a) > a.m. thank, got. þagks (m. ?), v.n. þǫkk (f. i), v.h.a. (gi)thanc (m. a) > all.m. Dank, Gedanke, v.s. thank, v.fr. thank/thonk ♦ (ge)þōht (m. a) > a.m. thought, v.n. þótti, þóttr, v.h.a. gidāht ♦ mōdgemynd (f. et nt. i) ♦ mōdgeþanc (m. a) ♦ mōdgeþōht (m. a), v.s. mōdgiþāht. esprit sain gemynd/gemund/gemend (f. i) > a.m. mind, got. gamunds (f. i), v.h.a. gimunt (f.) ♦ (ge)witt (nt. ja) > a.m. wit, got. -witi (nt. ja), v.n. vit (nt.), v.h.a. (gi)wizzi (nt. ja) > all.m. Witz, v.s. wit, v.fr. wit ♦ rihtgewitt/ryhtgewitt (nt. ja). ce qui est dû à l’esprit ferhþgeriht (nt. a). avoir à l’esprit forescēawian (Vf2) ♦ (ge)hogian, v.n. huga {Vf2} ♦ (ge)hycgan/(ge)hicgan/(ge)higgan (Vf3), got. hugjan (Vf1), v.n. hyggja (Vf1), v.h.a. huggen (Vf1), v.s. (gi)huggian (Vf3) ♦ gemunan/gemynan/gemonan, got. gamunan {perf. pr.}. avoir présent à l’esprit (ge)mynd(i)gian, v.h.a. gimuntīgōn (Vf2) ♦ (ge)mynegian (Vf2). appliquer son esprit à āgȳman/āgēman (Vf1) ♦ ātyhtan/ātihtan (Vf) ♦ (ge)hw(e)orfan/(ge)hwyrfan, got. ƕairban, v.n. hverfa, v.h.a. (h)werban/(h)werfan > all.m. werben {VF3}, v.s. hwerƀan, v.fr. hwerva ♦ hwi(e)rfan/hwe(a)rfan/hwyrfan/hwærfan (Vf1), v.n. hvarfa, v.h.a. hwarbian, v.s. hwerƀian ♦ lōcian > a.m. look (Vf2). concentrer son esprit gesamnian ingeþanc (Vf2). fixer dans son esprit gewrīþan (VF1) > a.m. writhe ♦ niman on gemynde (VF4). occuper son esprit à forescēawian (Vf2) ♦ (ge)hogian ← ♦ (ge)hycgan ← ♦ gemunan ←. venir à l’esprit beiernan on mōd (VF3) ♦ cuman on gemynde (VF4) ♦ (ge)iernan on mōd (VF3) ♦ iernan on gemynde (VF3). voir avec les yeux de l’esprit gesēon > a.m. see, got. gasaiƕan {VF5}.
2. (entendement, intelligence) (ge)mōd (nt. a) > a.m. mood, got. mōþs (m. a), v.n. móðr (m. a), v.h.a. muot (m. a et an) > all.m. Mut, v.s. mōd, v.fr. mōd ♦ gemynd ← ♦ gewitloca (m. an) ♦ (ge)witt ← ♦ heorte (f. ōn) > a.m. heart, got. hairtō (nt. an), v.n. hjarta (nt. an), v.h.a. herza (nt. an) > all.m. Herz, v.s. herta/herte (nt. an), v.fr. herte/hirte (f. ōn) ♦ hordgeþanc (m. a) ♦ hyge/hige (m. i), got. hugs (m.), hug (nt.), v.n. hugr (m. i), v.h.a. hugu (m. u), v.s. hugi, v.fr. hei (m. a) ♦ myne/mine, got. muns, v.n. munr {m. i} ♦ orþanc (m. a), v.h.a. urdank ♦ se(o)fa/siofa (m. an), v.n. sefi. faible d’esprit (ge)myndlēas > a.m. mindless ♦ sēocmōd. finesse d’esprit scearpnes (f. jō) > a.m. sharpness. lourdeur d’esprit dol (nt.) ♦ dysgung (f. ō) ♦ dysig(u)/disig (nt.) ♦ dysigdōm (m. a) ♦ dysignes (f. jō) > a.m. dizziness ♦ (ge)dwǣsnes (f. jō) ♦ gewitlēast (f. ō) ♦ sotscipe (m. i) ♦ stuntnes (f. jō) ♦ stuntscipe (m. i) ♦ swǣrmōdnes/swārmōdnes (f. jō) ♦ ungewit(t) (nt.), v.h.a. ungiwizzi ♦ unscearpnes (f. jō) ♦ unsnotornes/unsnyternes (f. jō) ♦ unwīsdōm (m. a), v.h.a. unwīstuom (m. et nt. a). qui a l’esprit lent/lourd læthȳdig. pauvre en esprit earmful. perturbation de l’esprit elhygd (f.). qui a l’esprit aveuglé hygeblind ♦ mōdblind ♦ þēostor/þēoster/þēostur/þȳster/þēostre/þī(e)stre/þȳstre, v.s. thiustri, v.fr. thiustere ♦ þēostrig/þȳstrig/þrīostrig. pesanteur de l’esprit hefignes (f. jō) > a.m. heaviness ♦ ungearowitolnes (f. jō) ♦ unscearpnes (f. jō). qui a l’esprit obtus medwīs. qui a l’esprit vif glædmōd, v.h.a. glatamuot, v.s. gladmōd.
3. (intention, volonté) ferme d’esprit fæst/fast > a.m. fast, v.n. fastr, v.h.a. festi (ja/jō) > all.m. fest, v.s. fast, v.fr. fest ♦ fæstgangol/fæstgongel ♦ fæsthydig ♦ fæstmōd ♦ fæstrǣd(lic) ♦ gerēþre. fermeté d’esprit b(i)eld/byld (f.) ♦ b(i)eldo/byldo/bældo/byldu/bieldu/bældu, got. balþei, v.h.a. baldī {f. īn} ♦ mōdstaþol(fæst)nes (f. jō) ♦ staþolfæstnes {f. jō ♦ stedefæstnes (f. jō) > a.m. steadfastness ♦ stedewist (f. i).
4. (âme, cœur) brēost (nt. a et f. ō) > a.m. breast, got. brusts (f. th. rac.), v.n. brjóst (nt.), v.h.a. brust (f. th. rac. et i) > all.m. Brust, v.s. briost/breost (nt.), brust (f.), v.fr. brast/burst/borst ♦ brēosthord (m. et nt. a) ♦ brēostloca (m. an) ♦ brēostsefa (m. an) ♦ fe(o)rh/feorg/fiorh/fyorh (m. et nt. a), v.n. fjǫr (nt. wa), v.h.a. ferah (nt. a), v.s. fer(a)h ♦ feorhhord (nt. a) ♦ fer(h)þ/fierhþ/feorþ/fyrhþ/ferht (m. et nt. a) ♦ ferhþcleofa (m. an) ♦ ferhþcofa (m. an) ♦ gāst/gaast/gōst/gēst > a.m. ghost, v.h.a. geist > all.m. Geist {m. a}, v.s. gēst, v.fr. gāst ♦ gāstcofa (m. an) ♦ (ge)mōd ← ♦ heorte ← ♦ heortscræf (nt. a) ♦ hordcofa (m. an) ♦ hreþer/hreþor/hraþer (nt. a) ♦ hreþercofa (m. an) ♦ hreþerloca (m. an) ♦ hygesceaft (f. ō), v.s. hugiskafti (pl.) ♦ incofa (m. an) ♦ ingeþanc (m. a) ♦ līchord (nt. a) ♦ mōdsefa (m. an), v.s. mōdseƀo ♦ orþung (f. ō) ♦ sāw(o)l/sāul > a.m. soul, got. saiwala, v.n. sál, v.h.a. sē(u)la > all.m. Seele {f. ō}, v.s. sēola, v.fr. sēle ♦ sāwolhord/sāwelhord (nt. a) ♦ se innra man (m. th. rac.). avoir l’esprit tranquille (ge)restan/(ge)ræstan > a.m. rest, v.h.a. (gi)resten {Vf1}. à l’esprit saint gāsthālig/gǣsthālig.
5. (mentalité, caractère) à l’esprit audacieux þrīsthȳdig/þrīsthygdig. à l’esprit droit welwillende/welwyllende (ja/jō). noblesse d’esprit authentique rihtæþelo/rihtæþelu (nt. pl.). à l’esprit noble hēahmōd, v.h.a. hōhmōti ♦ mōdig, v.h.a. muotig, v.s. mōdag ♦ swīþmōd ♦ wlanc/wlonc, v.s. wlanc. petitesse d’esprit hlǣnnes (f. jō) > a.m. leanness ♦ medmicelnes (f. jō) ♦ mindōm (m. a). rigidité d’esprit stræcnes/strecnes (f. jō).
6. (humeur, disposition) mōd ←. état d’esprit mōd ← ♦ tōsetednes (f. jō).
7. (être immatériel)a. gāst ←. esprit étranger ellorgǣst/ellorgāst (m. a). ? esprit néfaste/terrible gēosceaftgāst (m. a). esprit secourable þēninggāst/þegnunggāst (m. a).
b. (apparition, spectre) becola (m. an) ♦ egesgrīma (m. an) ♦ grīma (m. an), v.n. gríma (f.) ♦ grīming (f. ō) ♦ nihtgenga (m. an) ♦ orc (m.) ♦ sc(e)ucca/sc(e)oca (m. an) ♦ scīn/sci(e)nn (nt.) ♦ þyrs (m.), v.n. þurs (m.), v.h.a. durs ♦ wearg/wearh/wærg (m. a), got. wargs, v.n. vargr, v.h.a. warg (m. a) ♦ yfelwiht.
c. (elfe, lutin, gobelin, nymphe) ælfen/elfen (f.).
8. (diable, démon) esprit de l’enfer hellegāst/hellegǣst (m. a). esprit maudit (SATAN) wer(i)ga gāst (m. a). esprit de mort dēaþscūa (m. an). esprit malin āglǣca/ǣglǣca/ǣglēca/āhlǣca (m. an) ♦ dēmon (m. a) ♦ dēofol/dēoful/dīoful/dīobul/dīabul/dīowl/dēohl (m. et nt. a) > a.m. devil, got. diab(a)ulus (m. u), v.n. djǫfull, v.h.a. tiufal (m. a) > all.m. Teufel, v.s. diuƀal/diobol/diabol/diuvil (m.), v.fr. di(o)vel (m.) ♦ fēond/fīond/fī(e)nd/fȳnd > a.m. fiend, got. fijands, v.n. fiandi, v.h.a. fīant > all.m. Feind, v.s. fīond/fīund/fīunt/fīand, v.fr. fiand/fiund {m. nd} ♦ grama (m. an), v.h.a. grame > all.m. Gram ♦ helcniht (m. a) ♦ helledēofol (m. et nt. a) ♦ hellegāst/hellegǣst (m. a) ♦ hellescealc (m. a) ♦ hel(le)þegn (m. a) ♦ hell(e)sceaþa (m. an) ♦ hellwiht (f. et nt. i) ♦ orc (m.) ♦ sc(e)aþa/sceoþa (m. an), v.s. skađo ♦ sc(e)ucca ← ♦ scīn ← ♦ scinna (m. an) ♦ þyrs ← ♦ unholda, got. unhulþa, v.h.a. unholdo > all.m. Unhold {m. an} ♦ wer(e)wulf (m. a) > a.m. werewolf ♦ wiþerbreca/wiþerbr(e)oca/wiþerbraca/wiþerbruca (m. an) ♦ wiþerbrōga (m. an) ♦ wōddrēam (m. a). yfelwiht. esprits malins orcnēas (m. pl. a). esprit terrifiant c(e)argēst/ceargǣst (m. a).